For example, the neutron number of uranium-238 is 238-92=146. Its physical and chemical properties are most similar to its heavier homologues strontium and barium. The chemical symbol for Praseodymium is Pr. It is the fourth most common element in the Earth’s crust. Electron Configuration The most commonly used spontaneous fission neutron source is the radioactive isotope californium-252. It is the heaviest element that can be formed by neutron bombardment of lighter elements, and hence the last element that can be prepared in macroscopic quantities. Nobelium is a chemical element with atomic number 102 which means there are 102 protons and 102 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Dysprosium is Dy. The name xenon for this gas comes from the Greek word ξένον [xenon], neuter singular form of ξένος [xenos], meaning ‘foreign(er)’, ‘strange(r)’, or ‘guest’. Comments Neodymium is a chemical element with atomic number 60 which means there are 60 protons and 60 electrons in the atomic structure. Silver is a soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it exhibits the highest electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and reflectivity of any metal. The chemical symbol for Einsteinium is Es. Scandium is a chemical element with atomic number 21 which means there are 21 protons and 21 electrons in the atomic structure. Atomic Mass Number – Does it conserve in a nuclear reaction? Yttrium is a chemical element with atomic number 39 which means there are 39 protons and 39 electrons in the atomic structure. Transition Metals In nuclear industry gadolinium is commonly used as a neutron absorber due to very high neutron absorbtion cross-section of two isotopes 155Gd and 157Gd. The chemical symbol for Phosphorus is P. As an element, phosphorus exists in two major forms—white phosphorus and red phosphorus—but because it is highly reactive, phosphorus is never found as a free element on Earth. The chemical symbol for Rubidium is Rb. In some respects zinc is chemically similar to magnesium: both elements exhibit only one normal oxidation state (+2), and the Zn2+ and Mg2+ ions are of similar size. The chemical symbol for Rhenium is Re. Tantalum is a chemical element with atomic number 73 which means there are 73 protons and 73 electrons in the atomic structure. Thorium is a chemical element with atomic number 90 which means there are 90 protons and 90 electrons in the atomic structure. Zirconium is widely used as a cladding for nuclear reactor fuels. It is by mass the most common element on Earth, forming much of Earth’s outer and inner core. This page was created by Yinon Bentor. Note that, each element may contain more isotopes, therefore this resulting atomic mass is calculated from naturally-occuring isotopes and their abundance. Thulium is an easily workable metal with a bright silvery-gray luster. Discoverer: Davy, Sir H. and Thénard, L.-J. The chemical symbol for Molybdenum is Mo . Uranium is a chemical element with atomic number 92 which means there are 92 protons and 92 electrons in the atomic structure. It is the fifth most abundant element in Earth’s crust and the third most abundant metal, after iron and aluminium. E. Discoverer: De Marignac, Charles Galissard, Discoverer: De Marignac, Jean Charles Galissard, Discoverer: Göhring, Otto and Fajans, Kasimir. All isotopes of radium are highly radioactive, with the most stable isotope being radium-226. Its properties are thus intermediate between those of chlorine and iodine. Cadmium is a soft, bluish-white metal is chemically similar to the two other stable metals in group 12, zinc and mercury. Cerium is also traditionally considered one of the rare-earth elements. Beryllium is a chemical element with atomic number 4 which means there are 4 protons and 4 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Radon is Rn. But its density pales by comparison to the densities of exotic astronomical objects such as white dwarf stars and neutron stars. The chemical symbol for Iodine is I. Iodine is the heaviest of the stable halogens, it exists as a lustrous, purple-black metallic solid at standard conditions that sublimes readily to form a violet gas. However, in this course we will only study three kinds: protons, neutrons and electrons. Symbol: Mo. Zirconium is a lustrous, grey-white, strong transition metal that resembles hafnium and, to a lesser extent, titanium. Niobium is a chemical element with atomic number 41 which means there are 41 protons and 41 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Argon is Ar. 3 main types of particles in an atom ar… Protons and neutrons have a mass of: Manganese is a metal with important industrial metal alloy uses, particularly in stainless steels. Neutrons stabilize the nucleus, because they attract each other and protons , which helps offset the electrical repulsion between protons. A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a reddish-orange color. Mass numbers of typical isotopes of Molybdenum are 94-98. The chemical symbol for Oxygen is O. Rhodium is a chemical element with atomic number 45 which means there are 45 protons and 45 electrons in the atomic structure. It rarely occurs in its elemental state or as pure ore compounds in the Earth’s crust. According to the Einstein relationship (E=mc2), this binding energy is proportional to this mass difference and it is known as the mass defect. Sodium is a soft, silvery-white, highly reactive metal. These have similar chemical properties, but palladium has the lowest melting point and is the least dense of them. The chemical symbol for Strontium is Sr. Strontium is an alkaline earth metal, strontium is a soft silver-white yellowish metallic element that is highly reactive chemically. Americium is a transuranic member of the actinide series, in the periodic table located under the lanthanide element europium, and thus by analogy was named after the Americas. The relatively massive protons and neutrons are collected in the center of an atom, in a region called the nucleus The center of an atom that contains protons and neutrons. The chemical symbol for Francium is Fr. Molybdenum is a chemical element with atomic number 42 which means there are 42 protons and 42 electrons in the atomic structure. Commercially, thallium is produced as a byproduct from refining of heavy metal sulfide ores. Tungsten is an intrinsically brittle and hard material, making it difficult to work. It is fairly soft and slowly tarnishes in air. Gallium does not occur as a free element in nature, but as gallium(III) compounds in trace amounts in zinc ores and in bauxite. Berkelium is a chemical element with atomic number 97 which means there are 97 protons and 97 electrons in the atomic structure. Alkaline Earth Metals Many other rare types of decay, such as spontaneous fission or neutron emission are known. Bromine is a chemical element with atomic number 35 which means there are 35 protons and 35 electrons in the atomic structure. Barium is a chemical element with atomic number 56 which means there are 56 protons and 56 electrons in the atomic structure. Carbon is a chemical element with atomic number 6 which means there are 6 protons and 6 electrons in the atomic structure. Copyright © 1996-2012 Yinon Bentor. Tellurium is far more common in the universe as a whole than on Earth. The chemical symbol for Polonium is Po. Also to help understand this concept there is a chart of the nuclides, known as a Segre chart. Argon is a chemical element with atomic number 18 which means there are 18 protons and 18 electrons in the atomic structure. Number of Protons/Electrons: 100 Number of Neutrons: 157 Classification: Rare Earth Crystal Structure: Unknown Density @ 293 K: Unknown Color: Unknown Atomic Structure : Number of Energy Levels: 7 First Energy Level: 2 Second Energy Level: 8 Third Energy Level: 18 Fourth Energy Level: 32 Fifth Energy Level: 30 It is classified as a transition metal and placed in group 6 or d-block and period 5 of the periodic table of elements. Iridium is a very hard, brittle, silvery-white transition metal of the platinum group, iridium is generally credited with being the second densest element (after osmium). agreement. For example: O 2-indicates an ion of oxygen having two extra electrons. Ruthenium is a rare transition metal belonging to the platinum group of the periodic table. Francium is a chemical element with atomic number 87 which means there are 87 protons and 87 electrons in the atomic structure. Gold is thought to have been produced in supernova nucleosynthesis, from the collision of neutron stars. The chemical symbol for Californium is Cf. The various species of atoms whose nuclei contain particular numbers of protons and neutrons are called nuclides. Thus, it has 42 protons, and 42 electrons. Erbium is a silvery-white solid metal when artificially isolated, natural erbium is always found in chemical combination with other elements. Silicon is a chemical element with atomic number 14 which means there are 14 protons and 14 electrons in the atomic structure. The electrons in the 4d55s1 constitute its valence electrons. The chemical symbol for Indium is In. The chemical symbol for Lead is Pb. As the most electronegative element, it is extremely reactive: almost all other elements, including some noble gases, form compounds with fluorine. Titanium is a chemical element with atomic number 22 which means there are 22 protons and 22 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Niobium is Nb. It has remarkable resistance to corrosion, even at high temperatures, and is therefore considered a noble metal. It is obtained chiefly from the mineral cassiterite, which contains tin dioxide. See also: Atomic Mass Number – Does it conserve in a nuclear reaction? Non-Metals Lawrencium is the final member of the actinide series. The chemical symbol for Calcium is Ca. Arsenic is a chemical element with atomic number 33 which means there are 33 protons and 33 electrons in the atomic structure. Holmium is a chemical element with atomic number 67 which means there are 67 protons and 67 electrons in the atomic structure. Electrons are particles that have a negative charge equal to -1. The chemical symbol for Rhodium is Rh. Europium is one of the least abundant elements in the universe. 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